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osteopathic manipulative medicine
Osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM), also known as osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT), is a core set of techniques of osteopathy and osteopathic medicine distinguishing these fields from mainstream medicine.〔 The techniques are based on an ideology created by Andrew Taylor Still (1828–1917) which posits the existence of a myofascial continuity – a tissue layer that connects all parts of the body. Non-physician osteopaths and osteopathic physicians attempt to diagnose and treat somatic dysfunction by manipulating a person's bones and muscles and therefore address a variety of ailments. OMT techniques are most commonly used to treat back pain and other musculoskeletal issues, and are less commonly used to treat systemic conditions such as asthma and Parkinson's disease.〔〔
According to medical professor Joel D. Howell, OMT is based on the idea that a myofascial continuity "links every part of the body with every other part"; a practitioner, through a "skillful and dexterous use of the hands" treats what was originally called "the osteopathic lesion", but which is now named "somatic dysfunction".〔 The most commonly treated ailment is back pain, although some practitioners claim OMT can be used to treat a wide range of conditions. It has been proposed as effective for treating a number of diseases including asthma, pancreatitis, and Parkinson's disease.
==History==
Andrew Taylor Still, M.D., D.O. was a 19th-century American physician and Civil War surgeon who founded osteopathic medicine. Following the loss of three of his children to spinal meningitis, Still became dissatisfied with contemporary medical practices and sought to further medical understanding and treatment.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = A.T. Still University - Museum of Osteopathic Medicine )〕 Still claimed that human illness was rooted in problems with the musculoskeletal system, and that hands-on manipulations could solve these problems and so effect a cure by harnessing the body's own self-repairing potential. Still's proposed treatment regime also included as strong dose of healthy living: he advocated abstinence from alcohol, and patients were forbidden from taking medicine.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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